ACHIEVEMENT OF UNIDIRECTIONAL ALUMINUM TIN OXIDE/UV-CURABLE POLYMER HYBRID FILM VIA UV NANOIMPRINTING LITHOGRAPHY FOR UNIFORM LIQUID CRYSTAL ALIGNMENT

A uniform unidirectional nanostructure composed of aluminum tin oxide and ultraviolet (UV)-curable polymer is introduced herein.The nanostructure was produced by UV-nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL), and the fabricated hybrid film was used as a uniform liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer.Atomic force Home microscopy and line profile analysis were pe

Animal-plant interactions are important for the recovery of diversity and processes in secondary forests, which increasingly dominate the tropical landscape.We used a combination of observational and experimental approaches to study the interactions of ants with diaspores across a successional gradient of forests in Southern Brazil, from August 200

Objective This study aimed to develop genomic and Hamag phenotypic indices for beef cattle selection that afford progeny with reduced birth weight and fattening period.The indices should also allow regulating total weight gain during the fattening period and avoid marked increases of inbreeding.Methods Whether addition of constraint on total weight

DFB lasers with ultrashort cavities or integrated DFB lasers with passive waveguide reflectors are frequently proposed to realize directly modulated lasers (DMLs) for carrying ultrahigh data rate signals.The former suffers from poor heatsink and laser cleavage yield, while the single-mode stability of the latter scheme is seldom addressed.The mode